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Original Articles
Obesity and 30-day case fatality after hyperglycemic crisis hospitalizations in Korea: a national cohort study
Hojun Yoon, Hyun Ho Choi, Giwoong Choi, Sun Ok Song, Kyoung Hwa Ha, Dae Jung Kim
Cardiovasc Prev Pharmacother. 2023;5(3):74-80.   Published online July 27, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36011/cpp.2023.5.e10
  • 797 View
  • 17 Download
Abstract PDFSupplementary Material
Background
We determined the case fatality rate associated with hospitalization due to hyperglycemic crises and investigated the relationship between obesity status and case fatality for hyperglycemic crises.
Methods
From the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort, 729 adults who visited the emergency room or were hospitalized due to hyperglycemic crises between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2019, were included. Preobesity or obesity was defined as a body mass index ≥23.0 kg/m2. Case fatality rates are presented as the proportion of adults who died within 30 days of hospitalization. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for 30-day fatalities according to preobesity or obesity status.
Results
The 30-day case fatality rate for hyperglycemic crises was 11.2%. In those aged ≥65 years, the fatality rate was twice as high as that in those aged 20 to 64 years (13.8% vs. 6.8%). Adults with preobesity or obesity had a lower fatality rate than those with normal weight (9.5% vs. 14.0%). After adjustment for confounding variables, preobesity or obesity was found to be significantly associated with a decreased risk for 30-day case fatality compared to normal weight (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.40–0.98).
Conclusions
In Korea, hyperglycemic crises had a high fatality rate. Management needs to be improved to prevent hyperglycemic crises and reduce mortality.
Association between Myocardial Infarction Location and In-Hospital Mortality in Iran: A Nationwide Study
Mohammad Shahbaz, Seyed Saeed Hashemi Nazari, Amineh Salehipour, Roya Karimi
Cardiovasc Prev Pharmacother. 2021;3(4):124-133.   Published online October 31, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36011/cpp.2021.3.e16
  • 1,511 View
  • 25 Download
Abstract PDF
Background
Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most important health problems in the world, including Iran. The rate of in-hospital mortality in MI patients ranges from 7.7% to 19.2% in different countries. Despite the promotion and utilization of new therapeutic approaches, MI-related morbidity and mortality have remained high . The recognition of risk factors for MI-related mortality plays an important role in reducing post-MI mortality.
Methods
In this study, we used national MI registry data. In total, 33,831 patients who had been hospitalized in the coronary care unit of Iranian hospitals from 2012 to 2014 were analyzed. Using multivariable logistic regression, we estimated the impact of various risk factors on in-hospital mortality after MI.
Results
The in-hospital mortality rate in patients with ST-elevation MI was higher than that of patients with non–ST-elevation MI. In-hospital mortality was most strongly associated with left-location MI (odds ratio [OR] relative to the non-ST-elevation MI group, 2.15), in comparison with middle-location MI (OR, 1.47) and right-location MI (OR, 1.43). Ventricular fibrillation (OR, 7.7) and ventricular tachycardia (OR, 2.78) were predictors of in-hospital mortality. Receiving treatment reduced the odds of death and age, sex, and diabetes were risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality after MI.
Conclusions
Age, sex, right bundle branch block arrhythmia, atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, left bundle branch block arrhythmia, ventricular fibrillation, dyspnea, diabetes, and ST-elevation MI were associated with increased ORs for mortality after MI. Thus, patients with these factors require special attention during hospitalization.
Special Article
Effects of Low-Carbohydrate, High-Fat Diets on Weight Loss, Cardiovascular Health and Mortality
Bo-Yeon Kim
Cardiovasc Prev Pharmacother. 2020;2(2):43-49.   Published online April 30, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.36011/cpp.2020.2.e7
  • 4,125 View
  • 45 Download
  • 1 Citations
Abstract PDF
Obesity is a worldwide health challenge. The clinical consequences of obesity include nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes, and coronary heart disease. Numerous diets have been developed to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and induce weight loss. Low-carbohydrate, high-fat diets (LCHFDs) have become increasingly popular for weight loss. LCHFDs have led to weight loss in some clinical studies. However, the safety of LCHFDs and their long-term effects on the human body are still controversial. In this review, I will discuss the effects of LCHFDs on weight loss, cardiovascular health, and mortality.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Cholesterol, fatty acids profile and the indices of atherogenicity and thrombogenicity of raw lamb and mutton offal
    B. Pretorius, H.C. Schönfeldt
    Food Chemistry.2021; 345: 128868.     CrossRef

CPP : Cardiovascular Prevention and Pharmacotherapy